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  1. This study aims to comprehensively evaluate the trimester-specific effects of pregnancy on intraocular pressure, corneal biomechanics, anterior segment anatomy, and endothelial cell morphology.

    Authors: İrfan Uzun, Çağrı Mutaf, Ali Hakim Reyhan, Funda Yüksekyayla, Enes Colak and Mehmet Yolaçan
    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2025 25:298
  2. Alterations in the constituents of the aqueous humor (AH) are associated with various ocular pathologies, including primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). AH contains a variety of immunomodulatory molecules, incl...

    Authors: Eliza Williams, Jeremy Altman, Saleh Ahmed, Garrett Jones, Anshuman Khadanga, Danny Alevy, Kathryn Bollinger, Amy Estes, Steven Safille, Tae Jin Lee, Shruti Sharma and Ashok Sharma
    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2025 25:297
  3. This study aimed to investigate the relationships among urine parameters, systemic inflammation and retinal microvascular changes in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) without clinical signs of diab...

    Authors: Hazan Gül Kahraman, Yusuf Ziya Güven, Fahrettin Akay, Yusuf Üzüm and Murat Aysin
    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2025 25:296
  4. The goal of this study was to evaluate the presbyopia-correcting performance, binocular visual quality and neurosensory binocular vision of bilateral implantation of an extended depth of focus (EDOF) intraocul...

    Authors: Tong Sun, Xiaorui Zhao, Yiyun Liu, Qianqian Lan, Chuhao Tang, Rui Qin, Linbo Bian, Wenlong Li and Hong Qi
    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2025 25:294
  5. Functional assessment can help identify the true extended depth of focus intraocular lenses (EDOF IOLs) on the market. This study aimed to demonstrate the eligibility of the 877PEY ELON IOL (Medicontur Medical...

    Authors: József F. Győry, Gábor Németh and Norbert Pesztenlehrer
    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2025 25:293
  6. Epicanthus refers to the longitudinal curved skin folds that cover the medial canthus, which affect aesthetics due to covering the medial canthus angle and lacrimal mound. Various surgical methods exist for co...

    Authors: Jie Chen, Jianfei Zhang, Wenwen Xi, Wenhui Chen and Feng Yang
    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2025 25:292
  7. Rescuing dislocated intraocular lenses (IOLs) with eyelets after scleral suture fixation presents technical challenges and risks of ocular tissue damage. We propose a novel in-situ rescue technique for reposit...

    Authors: XiaoJia Huang, Zhou Zhou, ShanShan Huang, Wenjing He, Qi Chen, Chaolan Shen, Haibin Zhong, Ke Yang, Ling Cui, Fan Xu and Gang Yao
    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2025 25:290
  8. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of blindness among adults with diabetes. Glycated hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) is a critical biomarker for long-term glycemic control and has been closely associated with...

    Authors: Juan Ling, ZhuoLin Xie, XiaoJie Chen, Di Ling, XingLin Chen and XiangXia Luo
    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2025 25:289
  9. This prospective, single-blind, placebo-controlled trial examined the effects of intravenous delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (d9-THC) on the pupillary light reflex and pupil size in volunteers not regularly consu...

    Authors: Maren Kleine-Brueggeney, Fritz Priemer, Frank Konietschke, Lorenz Theiler and Robert Greif
    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2025 25:286
  10. Systemic lupus erythematosus, Hydroxychloroquine, retinal structure and microcirculation, SS-OCTA.

    Authors: Xuemei Li, Chao Xiong, Shuilin Luo, Yunxiu Chen, Min Li, Siyi Wang, Yaohua Wang, Zhilin Wang, Rui Wu and Hongfei Liao
    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2025 25:288
  11. This study aimed to investigate the factors influencing subjective ratings of comfort, vision quality, dryness, and satisfaction at both initial and end-of-day wear among young Asian wearers of silicone hydrog...

    Authors: Han-Yin Sun, Ren-Yu Yang and Ya-Yu Chen
    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2025 25:287
  12. The purpose of our prospective study is to investigate the histopathology of Muller’s muscle extracted after Muller’s Muscle-Conjunctival Resection (MMCR) and to find the relationship between histopathological...

    Authors: Hassan Asadigandomani, Mohammad Taher Rajabi, Navid Mohsenzadeh Kermani, Zohreh Nozarian, Mohammadreza Ghaedamini and Seyed Mohsen Rafizadeh
    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2025 25:284
  13. To assess the effectiveness of minimally invasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS) as monotherapy, or in combination with phacoemulsification, in the management of normal tension glaucoma (NTG).

    Authors: Zhen Yu, Mengfan Wu, YuFei Tao, Zihan Huang, Mingmin Yang, Xiaohua Pan, Dimitrios Ntentakis and Ning Fan
    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2025 25:283
  14. Stellate nonhereditary idiopathic foveomacular retinoschisis (SNIFR) is a relatively recent and rare classification introduced. Currently, there is no reliable treatment for the disease.

    Authors: Narges Hassanpoor, Ali Tahmasebi, Ehsan Aminsobhani and Mohamadreza Niyousha
    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2025 25:282
  15. Short-term intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation is a common complication following intravitreal injection (IVI) of anti-VEGF drugs, potentially posing risks to retinal health. This study aimed to identify key ...

    Authors: Yanchen Liu, Ting Wang, Xiaohong Zhang, Mengyun Li, Li Han, Xianhai Lan, Li Wang and Xuefeng Wang
    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2025 25:281
  16. To examine the clinical characteristics and prognosis of occipital tumors that mimic Pseudotumor cerebri (PTC) at presentation due to venous flow obstruction compared to occipital tumors that do not cause veno...

    Authors: Ofira Zloto, Mati Bakon and Ruth Huna-Baron
    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2025 25:280
  17. Ophthalmic pathology at the Eye Center at Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Germany, looks back on a tradition of more than 150 years. Surgical specimens and associated histological diagnoses have been a...

    Authors: Mateusz Glegola, Tabea Schulz, Simone Nuessle, Daniel Boehringer, Julia Stifter, Thomas Englbrecht, Thomas Reinhard, Johannes Haedrich and Claudia Auw-Haedrich
    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2025 25:279
  18. To investigate the incidence, contributing factors, management, and long-term outcomes of endophthalmitis following intravitreal injections performed in our clinic.

    Authors: Sebile Comcali, Yelda Yildiz Tasci, Mehmet Onen, Busra Gulhan, Muzaffer Sahin, Cemal Cavdarli, Omer Mustafa Bilgic, Mucella Arikan Yorgun, Yasin Toklu, Mehmet Numan Alp and Zeliha Yazar
    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2025 25:278
  19. Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is a rare autosomal recessive skin disease. The ocular manifestations in XP patients usually include severe photophobia, conjunctivitis, corneal opacification, ocular surface squamou...

    Authors: Yingwei Wang, Li Cai, Hua Feng, Xiaofei Wu, Hongmin Ke, Jerry Ma, Wanmei Tang, Kunling Chen and Qiong Wang
    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2025 25:277
  20. Anterior subcapsular cataract (ASC) is a leading complication of implantable collamer lens (ICL) implantation and a common indication for secondary ICL removal. However, the visual outcomes of combined ICL exp...

    Authors: Peilin Yue, Enjie Li, Zhenyu Wang and Xudong Song
    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2025 25:276
  21. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Repeated Low-Level Red Light (RLRL) therapy on axial length (AL) in myopic individuals and to identify key predictors for a good response to the treatment, with a...

    Authors: Daohuan Kang, Lu Yuan, Jia Feng, Rui Yu, Andrzej Grzybowski, Kai Jin and Wen Sun
    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2025 25:273
  22. Persistent placoid maculopathy is a rare clinical entity defined as idiopathic bilateral chorioretinopathy. We report four different clinical presentations of this pathology.

    Authors: Mickael Anjou, Federico Bernabei, Jeremie Villaret, Amina Chahrazed Debieb, Laure Canizares, Elodie Bousquet, Sarah Mrejen, Dominique Monnet, Pierre-Raphael Rothschild and Antoine Brezin
    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2025 25:272
  23. To explore the relationship among ocular surface changes, systemic hematologic indexes, and disease activity in primary Sjögren’s syndrome patients.

    Authors: Yan He, Jianing Feng, Wen Shi, Yuerong Ren, Yingyi Liu, Huanmin Kang, Jing Tian and Ying Jie
    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2025 25:270
  24. The burden of retinal vascular and degenerative diseases on patients and healthcare systems can be significant if patients do not complete scheduled intravitreal injections. This study aimed to identify the fa...

    Authors: Hamza Abualhasan, Ithar M Beshtawi, Mohammad Noor, Othman Mustafa and Salem Hantoli
    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2025 25:268
  25. The cover–uncover test is traditionally used in the qualitative assessment of heterotropia and heterophoria, while the alternate prism cover test (APCT) quantifies ocular deviations. However, the APCT is time-...

    Authors: Shunya Tatara, Yuna Magara, Touko Sasaki, Fumiatsu Maeda, Noriaki Murata, Kazuhiro Itagaki, Tomoya Handa and Haruo Toda
    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2025 25:267
  26. To explore the correlation between optical coherence tomography (OCT) evaluations and postoperative visual prognosis in individuals with AMD complicated with cataract, and to investigate the clinical applicati...

    Authors: Lei Zhang and Yuanxiang Luo
    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2025 25:266
  27. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is increasingly prevalent and a major cause of irreversible blindness, particularly in developing countries. Limited access to ophthalmologists often leads to delayed diagnosis, empha...

    Authors: Ohisa Harley, Yufilia Suci Amelia, Elsa Gustianty, Nanny N. M. Soetedjo and Arief S. Kartasasmita
    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2025 25:265
  28. Previous studies have provided evidence that non-arterial ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION), vitreous traction, and posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) may be related; However, a detailed description of the pr...

    Authors: Mina Rabbani, Mostafa Soltan Sanjari, Ali Sadeghi, Hanieh Neshastesaz, Zahra Rabbani and Salar Khiabani
    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2025 25:264
  29. Characterize the relationship between intraocular pressure (IOP) as measured by standard and modified Goldmann prisms and the progressive loss of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) in a cohort of glaucoma patients.

    Authors: Sean McCafferty, Manjool Shah, Anupam Laul and Khin Kilgore
    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2025 25:263
  30. A combination of FOLFOX and nivolumab is a first-line treatment for HER2-negative advanced gastric cancer, significantly improving survival. However, this regimen is associated with potential neurotoxicity. 5-...

    Authors: Junwoo Lee, Jaehwan Choi, Min Seok Kang, Seung-Young Yu and Kiyoung Kim
    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2025 25:262
  31. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of silicone oil (SO) and perfluoropropane gas (C3F8) tamponade on the choroidal vascularity index (CVI) in patients undergoing pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for rhegmatoge...

    Authors: Ece Ozal, Serhat Ermis, Murat Karapapak, Omer Faruk Canli and Sadık Altan Ozal
    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2025 25:261
  32. To evaluate changes in peripapillary Bruch’s Membrane Opening-Minimum Rim Width (BMO-MRW) and its association with peripapillary microvascular in patients with early diabetic retinopathy (DR).

    Authors: Jun Zhou, Xiangning Wang, Wei Lou, Tingting Li, Ye Zhang, Ying Hu, Da Long, Xueyan Zhang and Qiang Wu
    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2025 25:257
  33. To evaluate the efficacy, safety and complication of different procedure sequence combining gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy (GATT) either before or after phacoemulsification for patient with pri...

    Authors: Shaoyang Zhang, WenJing He, Peng Lu, Fan Xu, Haibin Zhong, Shan Zhong and Li Jiang
    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2025 25:256
  34. This study aimed to investigate the etiology, clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in Chinese children and adolescents.

    Authors: Shenshen Yan, Haixia Ji, Yuzhu Liu, Xuan Jiao, Haicheng She and Haiying Zhou
    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2025 25:254
  35. This study aims to identify the risk factors associated with pupillary changes in patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) and cataract undergoing phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation (PHACO +...

    Authors: Guilan Yi and Hai Yu
    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2025 25:252
  36. Retinal amyloid angiopathy (RAA) is an ocular manifestation of hereditary amyloid transthyretin (hATTR). We aimed to investigate the characteristics of disease progression of RAA in patients with ATTR Gly83Arg...

    Authors: Jiangning Xu, Nan Shu, Xi Liu, Peng Gu, Yi Wang and Shiying Li
    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2025 25:251
  37. Pseudophakic malignant glaucoma (PMG) is an uncommon but severe postoperative complication that poses a significant threat to vision. Early detection of PMG in patients with primary angle closure glaucoma (PAC...

    Authors: Yong Jie Qin, Fu Long Luo, Jin Zeng, Yu Lin Zhang, Wen Juan Xie, Yan Lei Chen, Sun On Chan and Hong Yang Zhang
    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2025 25:250

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